{"id":840,"date":"2024-03-27T01:21:30","date_gmt":"2024-03-27T01:21:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/splined-shaft.net\/china-professional-customized-high-precision-spare-parts-auto-truck-drive-gear-spline-propeller-half-sleeve-machinery-sliding-transmission-axle-shaft-42crmo-20crmoti\/"},"modified":"2024-03-27T01:21:30","modified_gmt":"2024-03-27T01:21:30","slug":"china-professional-customized-high-precision-spare-parts-auto-truck-drive-gear-spline-propeller-half-sleeve-machinery-sliding-transmission-axle-shaft-42crmo-20crmoti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/splined-shaft.net\/uk\/china-professional-customized-high-precision-spare-parts-auto-truck-drive-gear-spline-propeller-half-sleeve-machinery-sliding-transmission-axle-shaft-42crmo-20crmoti\/","title":{"rendered":"China Professional Customized High Precision Spare Parts Auto\/Truck\/Drive\/Gear\/Spline\/Propeller\/Half\/Sleeve\/Machinery\/Sliding\/Transmission Axle Shaft 42CrMo 20crmoti"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_3_4 et_pb_column_0_tb_body  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_post_content et_pb_post_content_0_tb_body\">\n<p><h2>\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443<\/h2>\n<p>\n<p><p> Customized High Precision Spare Parts Auto\/Truck\/Drive\/Gear\/Spline\/Propeller\/Half\/Sleeve\/Machinery\/Sliding\/Transmission Axle Shaft 42CrMo 20CrMoTi <\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 <\/p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p><p> <b>(1) Accessory products of the truck, the product quality is stable and reliable.<br \/>(2) Forged with 42CrMo material and heat treated and tempered for 32 degrees, so that the half shaft has stronger toughness and is not easy to break and bend.<br \/>(3) Processed in the machining center, ensure that the products have rigorous dimensional coordinates to ensure 100% qualified rate of products.<br \/>(4) Products are inspected 1 by 1 and delivered out of the warehouse, with unified laser identification to ensure product traceability.<br \/>(5) Various sizes of axle shafts can be customized to meet customer needs.<br \/>(6) The unified brand carton, inner bag and integral foam packaging, which is strong and beautiful.<\/p>\n<p><\/b> <\/p>\n<p> Factory Show <\/p>\n<p><p><\/p>\n<p> More Products <\/p>\n<p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"1\" cellspacing=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Truck Model<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"1\">Sinotruk, Shacman, CHINAMFG Auman, CHINAMFG Xihu (West Lake) Dis., Xihu (West Lake) Dis.feng, Xihu (West Lake) Dis.feng Liuqi Balong, North BENZ( BEIBEN), C&amp;C, JAC, etc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"40\">Product catalogue<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"16\">Axle<\/td>\n<td>Wheel Assembly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Differential Assembly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Main Reducer Assembly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Inner Ring Gear&amp; Bracket<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Basin Angle Gear\/ Bevel Gear<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Axle Shaft\/ Half Shaft &amp; Through Shaft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Axle Housing&amp; Axle Assembly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Steering knuckle &amp; Front Axle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gear<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Brake Drum&amp; Wheel Hub<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Flange<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Bearing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Main Reducer Housing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Oil Seal Seat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Nut&amp; Shim Series<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Brake Backing Plate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"4\">Chassis Support Products<\/td>\n<td>Leaf Spring Bracket<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Drop Arm Series<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Bracket Series<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Leaf Spring Shackle Series<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"5\">Balanced Suspension Series<\/td>\n<td>Balance Shaft Assembly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Balance Shaft Housing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Axle Spring Seat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Thrust Rod<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Balance Shaft Parts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\">Shock Absorber Series<\/td>\n<td>Shock Absorber<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Shock Absorbing Airbag<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\">Steering System<\/td>\n<td>Power Steering Pump<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Power Steering Gear<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"6\">Rubber Products<\/td>\n<td>Oil Seal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Rubber Support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Thrust Rod Rubber Core<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Truck Belt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Engine support<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Other<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"4\">Clutch Series<\/td>\n<td>Clutch Pressure Plate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Clutch Disc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Flywheel Assembly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Flywheel Ring Gear<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Adjusting Arm Series<\/td>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><p> \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f <\/p>\n<p><p><b>Heavy trucks usually have double rear axles. If they are driven separately, they need to use 2 transmission shafts or add a transfer case at the output of the gearbox, which is heavy and cumbersome. Now a through shaft is designed in the middle axle to solve this problem. Only 1 transmission shaft is needed to drive 2 rear axles at the same time.<\/b><\/p>\n<p> Packaging &amp; Shipping <\/p>\n<p><p> Exhibition <\/p>\n<p><p> \u041d\u0430\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0448\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f <\/p>\n<p><p><b>Q1. Are you a factory or trading company?\u00a0<br \/>We are a factory integrating research, development, production and sales.<\/p>\n<p>Q2. What are the advantages of your products?<br \/>We support product customization to meet customer needs for special products. We can strictly control the products from raw materials to production, processing, product quality inspection, delivery, packaging, etc., and provide customers with high-end products and the most advantageous prices.<\/p>\n<p>Q3. How about products price?<br \/>We are a factory, all products are direct sale at factory price. For the same price, we will provide the best quality; for the same quality, we have the most advantageous price.<\/p>\n<p>Q4. What is your terms of packing?<br \/>We have branded packaging and neutral packaging, and we can also do what you want with authorization. This is flexible.<\/p>\n<p>Q5. How to guarantee your after-sales service?<br \/>Strict inspection during production, Strictly check the products before shipment to ensure our packaging in good condition. Track and receive feedback from customer regularly. Our products warranty is 365 days.<br \/>Each product provides quality assurance service. If there is a problem with the product within the warranty period, the customer can negotiate with us in detail about the related claims, and we will do our best to satisfy the customer.<\/b><br \/>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p> Certifications <\/p>\n<p> \t\/* January 22, 2571 19:08:37 *\/!function(){function s(e,r){var a,o={};try{e&amp;&amp;e.split(&#8220;,&#8221;).forEach(function(e,t){e&amp;&amp;(a=e.match(\/(.*?):(.*)$\/))&amp;&amp;1\t  <\/p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p>  <button>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 <i><\/i><\/button> <\/p>\n<p><table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\"><\/div>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b:<\/th>\n<td>45#Steel, 42CrMo, 20crmoti<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u041d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f:<\/th>\n<td>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u0422\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0446\u0430\u043f\u0444\u0438:<\/th>\n<td>High Precision<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"attr-line\"><\/div>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u0417\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438:<\/th>\n<td>\n<div class=\"sample-order-info\">\n<div class=\"info-text\">\n                                        <strong class=\"red\">US$ 29\/Piece<\/strong><br \/>\n                                        <span title=\"1 \u0448\u0442\u0443\u043a\u0430 (\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f)\">1 \u0448\u0442\u0443\u043a\u0430 (\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f)<\/span>\n                                        <\/div>\n<p>                                        <span class=\"gap\">|<\/span><\/p>\n<p>                                                <i class=\"ob-icon icon-product\"><\/i>\u0417\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"sample-order-desc\"><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u041d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f:<\/th>\n<td>\n<div class=\"sample-order-info\">\n<div class=\"info-text\">\n                                            \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\n                                        <\/div>\n<p>                                        <span class=\"gap\">|<\/span><\/p>\n<p>                                        <i class=\"ob-icon icon-fill\"><\/i>\u0406\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442<\/p><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>                            .shipping-cost-tm .tm-status-off{\u0444\u043e\u043d: \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0454; padding:0; \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0440: #1470cc}<\/p>\n<div class=\"attr-line\"><\/div>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u0412\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438:<\/p>\n<div class=\"freight-tips help-tips J-help\">\n                                            <i class=\"ob-icon icon-problem\" style=\"margin-top: -3px\"><\/i><\/p>\n<div class=\"tips tips-system J-tips\">\n<div class=\"tips-con\">\n<p>\u041e\u0440\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044e.<\/p>\n<p>                                                    <span class=\"arrow arrow-top\"><br \/>\n                                                    <span class=\"arrow arrow-in\"><\/span><br \/>\n                                                <\/span>\n                                                <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/th>\n<td>\n                                        <span class=\"shipping-cost-tm\"><br \/>\n                                            <b class=\"tm3_chat_status\"><br \/>\n                                            <\/b><br \/>\n                                        <\/span><br \/>\n                                        \u0449\u043e\u0434\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438.\n                                    <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\" style=\"padding-bottom: 10px\">\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438:\n                                <\/th>\n<td>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span>\n                                <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">&nbsp;\n                                <\/th>\n<td>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 40px;color: #888\"><br \/>\n                                        <i class=\"ob-icon icon-yes2\" style=\"color: #13BF13\"><\/i><br \/>\n                                        \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0436<br \/>\n                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 40px;color: #888\"><br \/>\n                                        <i class=\"ob-icon icon-yes2\" style=\"color: #13BF13\"><\/i><br \/>\n                                        \u041f\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430<br \/>\n                                    <\/span>\n                                <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u0412\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u0430:\n                                <\/th>\n<td>\n                                    <span id=\"tradeCurrency\" style=\"cursor: pointer;font-size: 16px\">US$<\/span>\n                                <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f:\n                                <\/th>\n<td>\n                                    \u0412\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0448\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0433\u043e\u043c 30 \u0434\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0437 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0432.\n                                <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/table>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.jiansujichilun.com\/img\/ptoshaft\/spline%20shaft\/spline-shaft11.webp\" alt=\"\u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043b\" width=\"800\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>What are the different types of spline profiles and their applications?<\/h3>\n<p>Spline profiles are used in various applications to transmit torque and motion between mating components. Here&#8217;s a detailed explanation of different spline profiles and their applications:<\/p>\n<p>1. Involute Splines:<\/p>\n<p>Involute splines have a trapezoidal tooth profile that allows for smooth engagement and disengagement. They are widely used in power transmission applications, such as automotive gearboxes, where high torque transmission is required. Involute splines provide excellent load distribution and can accommodate misalignment.<\/p>\n<p>2. Straight Sided Splines:<\/p>\n<p>Straight sided splines have straight-sided teeth that provide efficient torque transmission and high torsional stiffness. They are commonly used in applications where precise positioning is required, such as machine tools, robotics, and aerospace systems. Straight sided splines offer accurate motion control and are resistant to misalignment.<\/p>\n<p>3. Serrations:<\/p>\n<p>Serrations are a type of spline profile with multiple teeth in the form of parallel ridges and grooves. They are often used in applications that involve axial or linear motion, such as indexing mechanisms, clamping systems, or power tools. Serrations provide secure locking and positioning capabilities.<\/p>\n<p>4. Helical Splines:<\/p>\n<p>Helical splines have teeth that are helically shaped, similar to helical gears. They offer smooth and gradual tooth engagement, resulting in reduced noise and vibration. Helical splines are commonly used in applications that require high torque transmission and where quiet operation is critical, such as heavy machinery, industrial equipment, and automotive drivetrains.<\/p>\n<p>5. Crowned Splines:<\/p>\n<p>Crowned splines have a modified tooth profile with a slight curvature along the tooth length. This design helps distribute the load evenly across the tooth surfaces, reducing stress concentrations and improving load-carrying capacity. Crowned splines are used in applications where high load capacity and resistance to wear are essential, such as heavy-duty gearboxes, marine propulsion systems, or mining equipment.<\/p>\n<p>6. Ball Splines:<\/p>\n<p>Ball splines incorporate recirculating ball bearings within the spline nut and grooves on the shaft. This design enables linear motion with low friction and high precision. Ball splines are commonly used in applications that require smooth linear motion, such as CNC machines, robotics, or linear actuators.<\/p>\n<p>7. Custom Splines:<\/p>\n<p>In addition to the standard spline profiles mentioned above, custom spline profiles can be designed for specific applications based on unique requirements. Custom splines can be tailored to optimize torque transmission, load distribution, misalignment compensation, or other specific performance parameters.<\/p>\n<p>The choice of spline profile depends on factors such as the magnitude of torque, required accuracy, misalignment tolerance, noise and vibration considerations, and environmental conditions. Engineers and designers carefully select the appropriate spline profile to ensure optimal performance and reliability in the intended application.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.jiansujichilun.com\/img\/ptoshaft\/spline%20shaft\/spline-shaft4.webp\" alt=\"\u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043b\" width=\"800\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>\u042f\u043a \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e?<\/h3>\n<p>Spline shafts play a crucial role in achieving precise and consistent rotation in mechanical systems. Here&#8217;s how spline shafts contribute to these characteristics:<\/p>\n<p>1. \u0412\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432'\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d:<\/p>\n<p>\u0428\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0446\u0456\u0432, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u043a \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u0447\u0456\u043f\u043b\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0437\u0447\u0456\u043f\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u0454 \u0449\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0437'\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0456 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u044e, \u0449\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0437\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0417\u0447\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u0454 \u043e\u043f\u0456\u0440 \u043e\u0441\u044c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443, \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0456\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0444\u0442 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>2. \u0420\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f:<\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0447\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u0454 \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430. \u0426\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0456\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043a \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0439\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0420\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043c\u0456\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443:<\/p>\n<p>\u0428\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0456\u043d\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e. \u0429\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u043e\u043f\u0456\u0434\u0439\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0449\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0454 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e, \u0449\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0445 \u0443 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u0445.<\/p>\n<p>4. \u0416\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430 \u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c:<\/p>\n<p>\u0428\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0437 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0446\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044f\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432. \u0426\u044f \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0457\u043c \u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0443 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0456\u0437\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c. \u0417\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0448\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0456 \u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0456 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456.<\/p>\n<p>5. \u0412\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f:<\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0447\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e \u0442\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432. \u0428\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0456, \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0433\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e, \u0432\u0456\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f\u043c \u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>6. \u0417\u043c\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0443:<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043c\u0430\u0449\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0454 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u041c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0442\u044f \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u043c\u0456\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0430\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0457\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0432\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0412\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0441\u0456\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e, \u0449\u043e \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u0432\u0434\u044f\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432'\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u0436\u043e\u0440\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043c\u0430\u0449\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u0407\u0445\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0457\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044c, \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0431\u0456\u043b\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0434\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.jiansujichilun.com\/img\/ptoshaft\/spline%20shaft\/spline-shaft3.webp\" alt=\"\u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043b\" width=\"800\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>\u042f\u043a\u0456 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430?<\/h3>\n<p>A spline shaft consists of several key components and incorporates specific design features to ensure its functionality and performance. Here&#8217;s a detailed explanation:<\/p>\n<p>1. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430:<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0454 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u0454 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0443 \u0446\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0456 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432. \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0446\u0438\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c, \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0456\u044e\u0447\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u0412\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a \u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u0430 \u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>2. \u0428\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0456:<\/p>\n<p>\u0428\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u0454 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430. \u0426\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0446\u0456, \u0432\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430. \u0428\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u043c \u0437\u0447\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u0454 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0445. \u041a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440 \u0442\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0456\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0443:<\/p>\n<p>\u0428\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0456\u043b\u044c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0432. \u0414\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0456\u0432 \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0456, \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0456 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\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0456\u043b\u044e \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0432, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0456\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c. \u0426\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u043c\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u0445.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438, \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0456\u043b\u044c \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0432, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0456, \u0437\u043c\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0443. \u0426\u0456 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0449\u043e\u0431 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u0445 \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0448\u043b\u0456\u0446\u044c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.hzpt.com\/img\/Drive-shaft\/drive-shaft-l1.webp\" alt=\"China Professional Customized High Precision Spare Parts Auto\/Truck\/Drive\/Gear\/Spline\/Propeller\/Half\/Sleeve\/Machinery\/Sliding\/Transmission Axle Shaft 42CrMo 20crmoti  \"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.hzpt.com\/img\/Drive-shaft\/drive-shaft-l2.webp\" alt=\"China Professional Customized High Precision Spare Parts Auto\/Truck\/Drive\/Gear\/Spline\/Propeller\/Half\/Sleeve\/Machinery\/Sliding\/Transmission Axle Shaft 42CrMo 20crmoti  \"><br \/>editor by CX 2024-03-27<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Product Description Customized High Precision Spare Parts Auto\/Truck\/Drive\/Gear\/Spline\/Propeller\/Half\/Sleeve\/Machinery\/Sliding\/Transmission Axle Shaft 42CrMo 20CrMoTi \u00a0 (1) Accessory products of the truck, the product quality is stable and reliable.(2) Forged with 42CrMo material and heat treated and tempered for 32 degrees, so that the half shaft has stronger toughness and is not easy to break and bend.(3) Processed [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[109,1338,13,479,7,14],"class_list":["post-840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-product-catalog","tag-axle-shaft","tag-axle-shaft-parts","tag-parts-shaft","tag-precision-shaft","tag-shaft","tag-spare-parts-shaft"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/splined-shaft.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/splined-shaft.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/splined-shaft.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/splined-shaft.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/splined-shaft.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=840"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/splined-shaft.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/840\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/splined-shaft.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/splined-shaft.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/splined-shaft.net\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=840"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u0412\u041f","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}